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Polydipsia/Polyuria |
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| Polydipsia means excessive thirst and polyuria means excessively large urine volumes. In most cases increased water consumption is in response to excessive water loss through the urine. Under these circumstances limiting water can result in dehydration or kidney shut down. | |
1. |
High salt diet (food, treats, broken water softener, semi-moist food, preservatives)
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2. |
Hypercalcemia - high blood calcium
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a.
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hyperparathyroidism (over-production of parathyroid hormone)
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b.
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pseuodohyperparathyroidism (over-production of parathyroid-like hormone secondary to cancer)
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c.
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rodenticide poisoning
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d. |
drugs |
e. |
acute kidney failure |
3. |
Pyometra (uterine infection) |
4. |
Diabetes Mellitus (lack of or resistance to insulin) |
5. |
Kidney Disease |
a. |
uremic poisoning (failure of kidneys to remove toxic waste products) |
b. |
infection |
c. |
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus - failure of the kidney to respond to antidiuretic hormone |
d. |
medullary washout - temporary inability of kidney to concentrate |
6. |
Liver Disease |
7. |
Electrolyte imbalances |
8. |
Adrenal glands |
a. |
Hyperadrenal corticism or Cushing's Disease (too much adrenal steroids) |
b. |
Hypoadrenal cortieism or Addison's Disease (not enough adrenal Steroids) |
9. |
Diabetes insipidus (lack of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary gland) |
a. |
complete lack of hormone (urine like water) |
b. |
partial lack of hormone (urine able to be somewhat concentrated) |
| 10. | Psychogenic - some dogs (especially northern br~s) are compulsive water drinkers: this is only condition where excessive output is due to excessive water intake. Normal tests with the ability to concentrate urine after water deprivation is necessary for diagnosis |
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